The grainy black-and-white photo, printed in a new book on the Rohingya crisis authored by Myanmar's army, shows a man standing over two bodies, wielding a farming tool. "Bengalis killed local ethnics brutally," reads the caption.
The photo appears in a section of the book covering ethnic riots in Burma in the 1940s. The text says the image shows Buddhists murdered by Rohingya — members of a Muslim minority the book refers to as "Bengalis" to imply they are illegal immigrants.
But a Reuters examination of the photograph shows it was actually taken during Bangladesh's 1971 independence war, when hundreds of thousands of Bangladeshis were killed by Pakistani troops.