Images of cluster bombs and artillery strikes on Ukrainian cities have prompted the world's top war crimes prosecutor to launch an investigation, with the support of dozens of nations opposed to Russia's invasion.

Karim Khan, a British lawyer named as the chief prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC) last year, said the crisis in Ukraine is a chance to demonstrate that those committing war crimes would be held to account.

"I think the world is watching. The world expects better," Khan, 51, said on Thursday in his offices in The Hague, announcing he had dispatched an advance team of investigators and lawyers to the region.