Infectious diseases expert Kazuhiro Tateda has urged people in Japan not to let their guard down against the novel coronavirus as government tests have revealed that most individuals lack antibodies and are at risk of contracting the virus in a second wave of infections.

The health ministry's antibody tests for the coronavirus conducted earlier this month suggested a 0.1 percent infection rate in Tokyo, 0.17 percent in Osaka Prefecture and 0.03 percent in Miyagi Prefecture.

"If the infection had spread without being detected, the rates would have been higher," said Tateda, head of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and Toho University professor.