Despite a record number of women winning seats in Sunday's Upper House election, some female voters have expressed doubts about the government's commitment to empowering women.

In Sunday's election 28 women won seats, matching the figure seen in the previous Upper House election in 2016 and accounting for 22.6 percent of candidates elected overall.

However, with a total of 104 women having run this time around, their 26.9 percent success rate was lower than the 29.2 percent seen in 2016 and the 36.1 percent seen for male candidates.