The list of Intel Corp.’s annual supplier award winners tends to read like a who’s who of the semiconductor industry’s biggest names.

This year, it included a little-known Japanese company whose machines have become essential in the race to improve semiconductors, and whose stock has been rocketing as a result.

Lasertec Corp. is the world’s only maker of the testing machines required to verify chip designs for the nascent extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUV) method of chipmaking.