The world's major industrial democracies — including Japan — spend at least $100 billion each year to prop up oil, gas and coal consumption, despite vows to end fossil fuel subsidies by 2025, a report said Monday ahead of the Group of Seven summit in Canada.

Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the United States — known as the G-7 — pledged in 2016 to phase out their support for fossil fuels by 2025.

But a study led by Britain's Overseas Development Institute (ODI) found they spent at least $100 billion a year to support fossil fuels at home and abroad in 2015 and 2016.