Billy has been the butt of criticism from friends for taking part in Hong Kong's protests. Undeterred, he sees his marching days as just beginning.

"We have to continue to protest until our demands are met," said the 28-year-old accountant, whom Bloomberg chose not to identify. "There is no end in sight."

That sense of a long road ahead is one of the parallels between Hong Kong's mass rallies and France's Yellow Vests movement. Both are hard to pin down, determined and prone to evolve — a recipe for all sorts of trouble for their governments.