The number of Japanese living overseas on a long-term basis surpassed 1 million last year for the first time since the government began taking such surveys in 1968, Foreign Ministry officials said Monday.

A total of 1,013,230 Japanese were living abroad for at least three months or with permanent-resident status as of Oct. 1, up 5.40 percent from a year earlier, according to the officials.

The U.S. remained the country with the largest number of Japanese, at 351,668, up 3.62 percent, followed by China at 114,899, jumping 15.85 percent from the year before. Brazil was third with 65,942, down 4.46 percent.

The city with the largest Japanese population was New York, at 59,285, down 1.93 percent, followed by Los Angeles at 50,503, up 8.59 percent, and Shanghai at 40,264, an increase of 18 percent.