A decade on from deadly attacks in Paris, the world's two most notorious jihadi groups — the Islamic State group (IS) and Al-Qaida — have significantly evolved and their branches still pose a global security threat, especially from Africa, analysts say.

With strong central leadership, the groups were once able to train and then send commandos into Europe to carry out attacks such as the Nov. 13, 2015, strikes in Paris that left 130 people dead.

But today IS has lost the sanctuary it once enjoyed in Syria and Iraq.