We'd all be whizzing round in automated taxis by now if Elon Musk had been right.
Instead, fully self-driving cars are struggling to get away from the starting grid and some investors are betting that driverless trucks will reach the checkered flag first.
Only a year ago, startups developing self-driving taxis were pulling in eight times more funding than firms working on autonomous trucks, buses and logistics vehicles, but the gap has narrowed dramatically in 2021.