The charred remains of a flatbread baked about 14,500 years ago in a stone fireplace in northeastern Jordan have given researchers a surprise: People began making bread millenniums before they developed agriculture.
No matter how you slice it, the discovery shows that hunter-gatherers in the Eastern Mediterranean achieved the cultural milestone of bread-making far earlier than previously known, more than 4,000 years before plant cultivation took root.
The flatbread, likely unleavened and somewhat resembling pita bread, was fashioned from wild cereals such as barley, einkorn or oats, as well as from tubers from an aquatic relative of papyrus, all of which had been ground into flour.