Top executives at Uber Technologies Inc. used the encrypted chat app Wickr to hold secret conversations, current and former workers testified in court this week, setting up what could be the first major legal test of the issues raised by the use of encrypted apps inside companies.

The revelations Tuesday and Wednesday about the extensive use of Wickr inside Uber upended the high-stakes legal showdown with Alphabet Inc.'s Waymo unit, which accuses the ride-hailing firm of stealing its self-driving-car secrets.

Apps such as Wickr, Signal, Telegram, Confide and Snapchat offer security and anonymity, with features including pass codes to open messages and automatic deletion of all copies of a message after as little as a few seconds.