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Robert A. Manning
For Robert A. Manning's latest contributions to The Japan Times, see below:
COMMENTARY / World
Aug 22, 2001
Kim seeks survival, not reform
WASHINGTON -- It is time to begin facing up to reality on the Korean Peninsula: North Korean leader Kim Jong Il is neither a serious reformer nor a likely visitor to Seoul this year. Despite a valiant effort by South Korean President Kim Dae Jung, North Korea is trapped in its own system with the pace of change a bit like watching a glacier melt.
COMMENTARY / World
May 17, 2001
Tactical genius, strategic fool
In less than a year, the image of North Korean leader Kim Jong Il has gone from one of an erratic bon vivant and playboy to that of a wily statesman. But as North Korea braces for yet another winter of starvation and North-South reconciliation grinds to a halt, it may be time to reappraise the "Dear Leader."
COMMENTARY / World
Mar 15, 2001
The choice is North Korea's
WASHINGTON -- The curtain has come down on the first act of the Bush administration's Asia policy, and there are far more questions than answers about U.S. policy after President Kim Dae Jung's visit to Washington. The media feasted on the mixed messages from a skeptical President George W. Bush and Secretary of State Colin Powell and the gaps between Bush's and Kim's perspectives on North Korea. I suspect the widely reported policy differences may in the end be more questions of tactics and emphasis than of strategy and goals.
COMMENTARY / World
Jan 8, 2001
Korean relations under Bush
WASHINGTON -- One legacy that U.S. President Bill Clinton will not rush to claim credit for is a surfeit of Asian candidates for the likely first foreign-policy crisis inherited by the new Bush administration -- Taiwan, Indonesia and India and Pakistan among them. But certainly North Korea is near the top of the list.
COMMENTARY / World
Oct 21, 2000
More symbol than substance?
With U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright gearing up to visit North Korea, it is a good time to take a deep breath and assess where this political roller coaster is headed. We have barely digested the last photo opportunity: the remarkable image of North Korea's top general, Vice Marshal Cho Myong Rok, in the White House, in full military regalia, chatting with President Bill Clinton. Albright clinking glasses with Kim Jong Il may top even that. But it is time to determine where the symbols stop and the substance begins.
COMMENTARY / World
Jul 2, 2000
Kim Jong Il still an enigma
WASHINGTON -- Now that the novelty and euphoria of the remarkable Korean summit have faded, the world is left scratching its head and wondering what it all adds up to. Has one of the world's most dangerous flash points suddenly been defused? Have the tectonic plates of the East Asian strategic equation begun to shift? The short answer is everything has changed, yet nothing has changed.
COMMENTARY / World
May 20, 2000
The limits of peacekeeping
There is a troubling sense of deja vu in the tragedy befalling the U.N. peacekeeping effort in Sierra Leone (it is really peace enforcement, a euphemism for getting sucked into someone else's war). And more than just putting at risk future U.N. operations, recent events pose vexing questions about how to manage chaos on the periphery of the globalized world system.
COMMENTARY / World
Feb 23, 2000
Irrational intransigence
Was I the only one who noticed? Ever since the end of the Cold War (that breeding ground of massive numbers of nuclear warheads), U.S. policy toward Russia has been to get rid of as many Russian nuclear weapons as possible. Yet when the Russians recently proposed eliminating up to 1,000 strategic nuclear warheads -- more than current arms-control talks have considered -- the Clinton administration said no.
COMMENTARY / World
Nov 28, 1999
Global cop or rogue power?
WASHINGTON -- Completely unnoticed by most Americans, the Washington elite has become ensnared in a yet another false, narcissistic foreign policy debate. Yet when French President Jacques Chirac stood side-by-side with Chinese President Jiang Zemin recently and denounced U.S. nuclear and antiballistic missile treaty policies, it hinted at troubling questions raised by unintended U.S. imperiousness and strategic incoherence: Is the U.S. the steward of global order or a rogue superpower?
COMMENTARY / World
Oct 27, 1999
New policy left driverless
Nine months in the making, revision of a now admittedly flawed policy toward North Korea is an important step in the right direction in dealing with a problem where there is no good option. But there is a troubling gap in logic between former U.S. Defense Secretary William Perry's sagacious assessment (see "U.S./North Korea: Choosing paths to peace," Oct. 23) and his modest mid-course policy corrections.
COMMENTARY / World
Oct 6, 1999
Grim lessons from East Timor
"Promising too much can be as cruel as caring too little" was the truly mind-boggling statemen of U.S. President Bill Clinton before the United Nations Sept. 21. Now he tells us. So much for the "Clinton Doctrine" of humanitarian intervention. Yet as international peacekeepers pour into a devastated East Timor to revive a ghost town, some nagging, impolite questions about the fiasco and its wider meaning can't be avoided.
COMMENTARY / World
Apr 25, 1999
NATO steps into a quagmire
Call it the first humanitarian empire. For a moment, look beyond the horrific slaughter and the terrible plight of ethnic Albanian refugees. The immediate crisis obscures a host of profound long-term -- and largely unintended consequences -- of the current Balkan intervention that will impact U.S. foreign policy for years to come.

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When trying to trace your lineage in Japan, the "koseki" is the most important form of document you'll encounter.
Climbing the branches of a Japanese family tree