Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi and his Canadian counterpart, Paul Martin, agreed Wednesday to work together on foreign policy, defense, trade and economic issues.
In a joint statement, the leaders said Japan and Canada will promote trade and investment, and cooperate in food safety, customs, technology and tourism.
The countries aim to come up with a framework for initiatives within six months.
Martin arrived in Tokyo on Wednesday for meetings with political and business leaders.
He and Koizumi discussed the recent tsunami disaster that struck Southern Asia and Africa, killing more than 160,000 people, and reaffirmed their commitment to work closely with other nations to provide relief to the region.
They agreed to deepen their partnership to fight terrorism, coordinate foreign policy and resolve the nuclear threat from North Korea through multilateral talks.