E-cigarettes are almost twice as effective at helping smokers quit as nicotine replacement treatments such as patches, lozenges and gum, according to the results of a major clinical trial.

The study, involving almost 900 smokers, found that 18 percent of e-cigarette users were smoke-free after a year, compared to 9.9 percent who tried quitting using other products.

"This is great news for cigarette smokers who want to quit," said Richard Miech, from the University of Michigan in the United States who has studied e-cigarettes but was not involved in this trial. "This evidence is persuasive."