Recently a group of officials gathered to plot a new trade strategy. It was a typical trade-policy discussion: The participants diagnosed competitive export sectors, identified key trading partners, described how public and private investment could resolve barriers to global integration, and forged a new bilateral relationship.

But the meeting was not hosted by the World Bank or the World Trade Organization (WTO) in Washington. It was held in Portland, Oregon, where Mayor Sam Adams and Greater Portland Inc. (a public-private partnership dedicated to driving regional economic growth and job creation) have collaborated to develop and implement a new export plan for the Portland metropolitan area.

In the age of the WTO, free-trade agreements, and currency wars, why would a city have a trade strategy?