Japan may effectively shut off China from supplying drones to its government to protect sensitive information, according to six people in government and the ruling party familiar with the matter, as part of a broad effort to bolster national security.

The primary concerns, those people said, centered on information technology, supply chains, cybersecurity and intellectual property — worries that have been rising outside Japan as well.

But Japan must balance such fears — particularly Beijing's growing push to export sensitive technologies such as commercial drones and security cameras — against deep economic dependence on China.