There is growing public alarm about how generative AI might obliterate established (“legacy”) industries and professions, ranging from lawyers to Uber drivers to accountants.

But what is often overlooked is that the first major victim of AI disruption will undoubtedly be the technology sector itself. AI is already starting to cannibalize established giants and also to reshape the profession of software engineering, with major implications for research, antitrust policy and safety regulation.

Since the invention of modern computers during World War II, technological progress has enabled us to make computers ever more convenient for normal humans. But all those systems have continued to rely on rigid, highly structured ways of programming and using computers. But with the advent of AI, that is starting to change.