The European Union will set out next month how it will square up to increased geopolitical challenges from Beijing and others amid signs its largest member, Germany, once a brake on tougher measures against China, is having a rethink.
In an economic security doctrine to be unveiled on Dec. 3, the European Commission will review its trade defense arsenal and decide if it must do more to deal with threats including China’s squeeze on rare earths and a combative United States.
China will be the central policy focus, as concerns rise about Europe’s reliance on it for critical minerals to drive the green and digital transitions and unfair competition for European companies from subsidized Chinese imports.
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