The outcome of the Canadian elections is as predicted. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's Liberals were consistently predicted to form a minority government.

There was one shock, however, in the resurgence of the Bloc Quebecois, a one-time separatist party, a one-time official opposition and, most recently, a near extinct volcano.

With 32 seats (up from 10), the Quebec nationalists are now a strong regional force in national politics, a party whose only mission is to protect what public opinion in the province of Quebec sees as its interests.