Overwhelmed rescuers struggled to save people trapped under the rubble as the death toll from a devastating earthquake in Turkey and Syria passed 5,000 on Tuesday, with despair mounting and the scale of the disaster hampering relief efforts.

In the Turkish city of Antakya near the Syrian border, where 10-storey buildings had crumbled onto the streets, reporters saw rescue work being conducted on one of the dozens of mounds of rubble.

The temperature was close to freezing as the rain came down and there was no electricity or fuel in the city.