More than 1.5 million people have been forced to leave South Sudan as intense fighting spreads, making it Africa's largest refugee crisis, the U.N. refugee agency said Friday.

"With an extremely volatile security situation forcing more refugees to flee, the latest influx is straining the capacity of transit and reception centers, which are too small for the growing number of arrivals," the Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees said.

The legal constraints posed by the ongoing civil war may make it difficult for Japan to keep its troops engaged in U.N. peacekeeping activities there.