The island of Penang on the northwest coast of Malaysia is known for its sandy beaches, the colorful wall murals of its capital Georgetown, and its fiery street food.

In time, it will also be known for three artificial islands that state authorities say are needed to provide housing and economic opportunities for an expanding population, while also generating funds for a modern transport network.

But the Penang South Reclamation project, dubbed BiodiverCity, has pitted the government and businesses against fishermen and environmentalists who say it will wreck the lives of residents and damage the coast.