The meetings Japanese leaders held this week with U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry in Tokyo revealed subtle differences in their approaches to North Korea's provocations, with Washington leaning toward dialogue to defuse tensions and Tokyo toward staying firm.

The differences are even more apparent between Tokyo and Seoul, which has sought direct dialogue with Pyongyang.

"Our choice is to negotiate," Kerry said Sunday after meeting with Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida. "Our choice is to move to the table and find a way for the region to have peace. And we would hope . . . that they would come to the table in a responsible way and negotiate that."