Students across Afghanistan have started returning to university for the first time since the Taliban stormed to power, and in some cases women have been separated from their male peers by curtains or boards down the middle of the classroom.
What happens in universities and schools across the country is being closely watched by foreign powers, who want the Islamist militant movement to respect the rights of women in return for vital aid and diplomatic engagement.
When it last ruled from 1996 to 2001, the group banned girls from school and women from university and work.