"The 'Three Represents' is completely elitist," Cabestan said, referring to Jiang's well-publicized formulation for making the party represent the "most advanced production technology, the most advanced culture, and the broadest interests of the people."

The ultimate goal of the theory is to put in place "some kind of democracy limited to the elite," Cabestan said, "not a formal democracy, but some sort of consultation among the elite."

The trouble with such a system, however, is "people who don't belong (to the elite) are going to become more and more frustrated," he added.