After becoming Egypt's first freely elected president in 2012, Mohammed Morsi hoped his Islamist Muslim Brotherhood movement could emerge from decades of battle with the state and transform the country.

Barely a year into his presidency, Morsi was toppled by the army following mass protests and thrown into jail. The final act in his downfall came on Tuesday when an Egyptian judge sentenced Morsi to death.

Wearing his blue prison suit in a metal court cage, the bespectacled and bearded Islamist listened calmly as Judge Shaaban el-Shami read out the verdict in the case relating to a 2011 mass jailbreak.