Countries embroiled in territorial rows in the East and South China Seas agreed Tuesday to abide by a maritime communications deal to try to ensure accidental naval altercations do not develop into a conflict.

But military officers said the non-binding accord, signed by more than 20 Pacific countries, was no more than a "rules of the road" manual.

It was in no way meant to resolve territorial disputes pitting China against several neighbors over waters where fears of accidental clashes have raised the risk of broader turmoil.