When it comes to cyberattacks, China is often seen in the West as a fierce aggressor — the ultimate hacking threat to American government and businesses. In China, however, Internet users are increasingly preoccupied with their own vulnerability.

Cybersecurity, in many ways, is a more widespread problem in China than in the United States, say industry experts.

Holes in China's systems are more numerous, and its public less protected. Worry about those vulnerabilities has surged in the wake of disclosures by U.S. National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden about American operations to hack into Chinese Internet traffic hubs and cellphone companies.